Niestety nie mam już czasu tłumaczyć reszty. Może znajdą się chętni do tłumaczenia. Korespondencja poniżej to historia zmiany stanowiska polskiego rządu w sprawie GMO. Od 'niepewnej zmiany na lepsze', po popieranie importu do EU nieprzebadanych odmian soi modyfikowanej genetycznie. Sprawa soi paszowej może być szczególnie ciekawa, za względu na mało znany detal: (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZ39TIgr1uA, od 4:10).
http://www.wikileaks.org/cable/2007/11/07WARSAW2265.html
SUBJECT: POLAND: BIOTECH POLICY UNCERTAIN-POSITIVE CHANGE
POSSIBLE
REF: A. STATE 158225
¶B. WARSAW 2230
¶1. (U) On 21 November AgAtt Kate Snipes delivered ref. A
demarche on the EU discussion regarding a tolerance level for
low level presence of unapproved biotech products to Dr.
Andzej Wojtyla, Head of Sanitary Inspection and Emilia
Kalinska, Specialist on GM Food at the Polish Ministry of
Health and Dr. Ewa Lech, Chief Veterinary Officer at the
Polish Ministry of Agriculture.
¶2. (SBU) In separate meetings Kalinska and Lech both said
that Poland does not have a formal position on the matter of
low level presence (LLP) at this time due to the change in
government. Kalinska stated that under the previous coalition
government led by Law and Justice (PiS) she was confident
Poland would have been against any tolerance level for LLP
for unapproved products but noted there may be more
flexibility in the new government. Lech speculated that the
new government's position may be more pragmatic regarding ag
biotech. She added that both the Polish pork industry and the
Ministry of Agriculture officials responsible for feed are
aware of the limits of non-GM feed supplies and are concerned
that limited access to feed would make Polish producers less
competitive and raise meat prices for Polish consumers.
¶3. (U) Kalinska confirmed that if tolerances were adopted by
the EU, Poland would have the capacity to test and measure
them with five laboratories approved as part of the EU
Network of GM Laboratories (ENGL).
¶4. (U) The formal coalition agreement was signed between
Civic Platform (PO) and the Polish People's Party (PSL) on
the morning of November 23. The official Polish position on
ag biotech will be decided under this new leadership. (See
ref. B.)
ASHE
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http://www.wikileaks.org/cable/2008/08/08WARSAW940.html
SUBJECT: BIOTECH: MINISTRY OF ECONOMY ENGAGING
REF: WARSAW 823
¶1. (SBU) Polish Economy Minister and Deputy Prime Minister
Waldemar Pawlak (PSL) August 6 signaled to Charge that he
regarded Poland's hard-line stance on agricultural
biotechnology as a relic of the previous government's tactic
of deploying conflict and fear - in this case against GMOs.
Quoting a Russian proverb - "if you keep a low profile, you
will get further" - Pawlak said he is looking for a "soft
exit" from that stance. He acknowledged the damage Poland's
policy has done to its farmers and producers, who face record
high input prices, and suggested that his ministry is
prepared to take small steps toward more openness to GMOs.
¶2. (SBU) The current Ministry of Economy has not engaged
itself to date in Poland's biotechnology policy. The
PSL-controlled Agriculture Ministry was important in moving
legislation through the Sejm to avert a Polish ban on GM
crops in animal feed in July (reftel), legislation that
finally overruled the Environment Minister's activist
approach against transgender crops. That victory and
Pawlak's August 6 signal have generated guarded hope in
Embassy Warsaw that Pawlak's approach of seeking quiet
progress may yield more fruit, and not only in Warsaw. While
we defer to the vote counting expertise of USEU, we
understand that a Polish abstention alone on, for example,
new soybean varieties in the Commission's Standing Committee
for Animal Health and the Food Chain can help open EU markets
to U.S. production.
¶3. (SBU) Pawlak invited Charge to continue the conversation
with him in the next two weeks - an offer we accepted. Though
August is a difficult time to do business here, Embassy
Warsaw's Biotechnology Working Group (ECON, PAS, FAS, FCS)
will reach out in the meantime to other stakeholders in
Warsaw and in the USG to develop what may be a new opening in
Warsaw.
QUANRUD
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http://www.wikileaks.org/cable/2008/09/08WARSAW1114.html
SUBJECT: POLAND AG BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS
REF: Krakow 095
WARSAW 00001114 001.2 OF 002
¶1. (SBU) Summary: Polish debate on biotechnology is heating
up, with nudging from the Embassy. From April to September,
an industry coalition supporting biotech has coalesced, and
we are starting to see local leaders following their constituents
in countering negative propaganda and demanding access to
the biotechnologies Polish farmers need to be competitive.
Nevertheless, biotech opponents still have the upper hand,
and the support of the Ministry of Environment. The next
big test will be a virulently anti-biotech bill proposed
by the Ministry that the Sejm will consider this fall.
Nevertheless, the characteristic Polish resolve to push
ahead despite obstacles means today the pro-GM movement finally
has legs to walk on. End summary.
¶2. (U) Embassy officers have conducted demarches, worked
with the press, connected idea salesmen, and offered analysis.
Primarily supported by USDA's Emerging Markets Program,
but with some input from State's Biotech Outreach Funds
the mission in Warsaw has hosted a farmer from Spain, Jose
Luis Romeo (May 2008); farmers from Iowa, Varel Bailey and
Jill Euken (June 2008), Czech Farmer Vitezslav Navratil
(Sept 2008), representatives of the American Soybean Association,
(Oct. 2007, Feb 2008, and Sept 2008); and held seminars
with regional leaders in Poznan, Opole, and nearby Warsaw
for crowds of up to 200. Ag Counselor drove 5000 miles
meeting regional political officials, academics, media,
local associations, and producers.
¶3. (U) Embassy Public Affairs, USDA Warsaw, and Consulate
Krakow currently are arranging to host author and Professor
Alan McHughen of the University of California, Riverside,
in Wroclaw and Warsaw in October. Dr. McHughen's book,
Pandora's Food Basket, has been translated in Polish
with an altered title, Genetically Modified Foods: What
Consumers Need to Know. Emboffs are excited about the
visit, as Dr. McHughen is credible with his willingness
to accept and discuss some technology downsides. McHughen's
description of the positive attributes of biotechnology outweigh
his depiction of the negatives.
¶4. (U) In traveling Poland it is clear that the Embassy
is stepping in where the Government of Poland is offering
negative, biased, and sometimes anti-American statements
on the technology, primarily from the Ministry of Environment.
The Ministry's Center for Environmental Information financed
a publication from Professor Stanislaw Wiackowski, labeling
USDA, FDA, and EPA "indolent" and the President of the United
States corrupt. It was a 50 page screed claiming biotechnology
causes hunger in India and cancer in rats. Embassy complaints
about lack of balance to the Ministry have not elicited
a response. More damaging, the Ministry has conducted six
seminars across Poland, over the same time frame of embassy
activities, that specified biotechnology negatives. Greenpeace,
Friends of the Earth, and Dr. Wiackowski were all speakers.
These seminars were financed with public Polish and EU
funds.
¶5. (U) The Ministry of Environment has drafted a GM cultivation
law that represents a farce. The draft law, at 145 pages,
contacts report is the longest draft law written in Polish
history. The law envisions that individual regions may declare
themselves GM free. If a farmer then plants GM they face
jail time. Even if a regional legislature votes to plant
GM, they can be overruled by the local provincial governor
(wojewod), representing the national government. Before planting,
the law requires producers to seek permission from neighbors,
post bonds for damages, and conduct exhaustive recordkeeping.
Though the law was 145 pages, it did not include provisions
for insect refuges or barriers from organic crops. The
draft states that regulatory issues like these will be issued
by the Environment Ministry later. The administrative risk
is so high, that producers say they will not plant under
this law.
¶6. (U) Each law in Poland must be accompanied by a justification
for its passage. The justification of the cultivation law
plainly states the law is designed to prevent GM crops from
being planted. The Ministry received negative comments from
producers, many accompanied by detailed analysis about how
the law conflicts with EU mandates. Scientists were outraged
at the provisions of the law regulating their activities.
Presently, the Ministry of Environment does not approve
animal feed tests and open field crop trials, despite
the scientific panels at the Ministry that support these
requests. The draft imagines an even stricter regime.
Worrisome
WARSAW 00001114 002.2 OF 002
for the future, the draft includes provisions that are interpreted
by some contacts to mean animal clones will be considered
genetically modified, and thus under the regulation of the
Ministry of Environment. With its comment period over,
the Ministry announced it will be working on sending the
draft to Parliament on September 28. It will need the support
of the Ministries of Agriculture and Economy. Those ministries
are more positive on the technology, but their views are
unlikely to overcome the strong negative views put forward
by the environmental movement.
¶7. (U) There is reason for optimism. A pro biotech coalition
is active. In partnership with the seed industry, a Coalition
for Modern Farming is pushing local governments to do more
to educate and defend them. Biotechnology is at the core
of the survivability of Polish agriculture. The nation
has a disastrous outbreak of the European Corn Borer, which
destroys $400 million worth of the corn crop annually, losses
that could easily be prevented by Mon 810 Bt corn, available
for sale. Polish producers have planted 3,000 hectares,
and some trade rumors indicate the figure may be as high
at 5,000 hectares with Bt corn, bought in neighboring Czech
Republic. Producers realize they must cut costs and worry
about predictions of rising input prices and falling commodity
prices. They worry as well about the new paradigm in the
Polish farm economy: it has become a net pork importer and
its domestic hog population is at a 23 year low. Poland
is an inefficient producer of pork, and has open borders
with more efficient vertically-integrated Western European
suppliers.
¶8. (SBU) The Embassy and USDA are stepping in to provide
better biotechnology information and contacts to regional
leaders who are willing to work for cultivation and acceptance
of U.S. varieties in animal feeds. Last week, Ag Counselor
traveled to Opole with Polish scientists and producers from
the Mazowiecki region near Warsaw. Opole dedicated its
annual Corn Day exhibition to a conference promoting biotechnology.
Then, after the formal conference concluded, the region's
agricultural leaders and elected regional leaders retired
with experts to the office of the agricultural extension
service leader to hear the presentations again and debate
them. The Mazowiecki region agricultural chamber passed a
resolution promoting biotechnology in July, after the visit
of Ag Counselor and Iowa speakers in June. Mazowiecki-Opole
regions are in an alliance for biotech and Opole leaders
may follow with their own pro-biotech position shortly.
---------------- OPOLE IS THE KEY ----------------
¶9. (SBU) The Polish characteristic of personal opposition
in tough circumstances helps. Poles are fiercely independent
and stand up for their beliefs. This has so far benefitted
the anti-GM movement, but facing farm losses, competition
from crops abroad, and the hypocrisy of how Polish consumers
eat GM crops produced elsewhere, producers and scientists
are working together for biotechnology. Accompanying Ag
Counselor to Opole was Dr. Lucjan Szponar, former head of
the Polish Nutrition Institute, now retired; Dr. Roman
Warzecha, of the Ag Ministry's Plant Breeding Station near
Warsaw, and Tadeusz Szymanczak, former parliamentarian and
corn farmer. Met in Opole by a Czech farmer, Vitezslav
Navratil, the speakers had an open forum to present their
views. Mr. Navratil's participation was organized by USDA
Embassy Prague Ag Specialist. Local TV and print press, including
with Ag Counselor, was overwhelmingly positive. Important for
the future, Opole is the home region of Sejm Agricultural Committee
chief, Leszek Korzionowski. A corn bioethanol plant
will move into production in April 2009 in Opole, stoking demand
for corn. The plant will eat 350,000 tons of corn, while Poland
produces just 1.7 million tons now and will import. Recovering
crop losses from the corn borer would provide needed feedstock
for the plant.
¶10. (SBU) Embassy's Polish biotechnology experts have
been invited to speak again at a farm group convention near
Krakow in October, with help from Consulate Krakow. Malopolski
has fresh interest in the technology, see reftel.
ASHE
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http://www.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/02/09WARSAW199.html
¶1. FAS Agricultural Counselor delivered reftel demarche on Pioneer and Syngenta GMO corn hybrid approvals at the Ministry of Environment, February 20, 2009, meeting with New Technologies Department Director, Agnieszka Dalbiak. Dalbiak said Poland has not decided how it will vote on February 25 in Brussels on the new biotechnology events. Director Dalbiak commented the possibility of WTO trade sanctions was clear and responded affirmatively when AgCouns asked if Poland might abstain. ¶2. EconOff delivered demarche February 19 to Poland's representative to the Section 133 committee, Mieczyslaw Nogaj, of the Ministry of Economy. The Econ Ministry had no immediate reply. ¶3. FAS Agricultural Attach delivered demarche to Malgorzata Surawska, Director of the Plant Breeding and Protection Department, Polish Ministry of Agriculture on February 23. No response was offered. Neither Director Surawska nor other agriculture contacts were available for an in-person meeting until later in the week. ¶4. Comment: Post will follow-up to obtain information on Poland's decision and details of a law on cultivating genetically modified crops now being drafted. However, Poland's established policy to vote against approval of all GMO varieties remains in effect, and we expect it to follow that policy and vote against the approvals during this vote as well. Nevertheless, Director Dalbiak's comment that Poland might abstain shows Poland at least is having an internal debate on biotech. Decision makers have a greater appreciation that their actions have consequences after facing a large retaliation sanction in the WTO beef hormone case*. End Comment.*rBGH
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http://www.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/09/09WARSAW915.html
SUBJECT: POLAND'S VIEW ON UNAPPROVED BIOTECH VARIETIES IN U.S.
SOYBEAN SHIPMENTS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EAGR ECON ETRD PL
REF: STATE 86566
¶1. Summary. Poland likely supports, or will abstain
from voting, on suspended U.S. soybean shipments due to
the EU zero tolerance for unapproved biotech varieties
-- if the September 7 Ag Ministers Council meeting discusses
the issue. End summary.
¶2. August 28, Ag Counselor delivered reftel demarche
to Ministry of Agriculture, Department for Animal and Feed
Products, Director Wojciech Wojtyra. Wojtyra commented
that the Ministry had no position on the low level presence
issue. Wojtyra added that the Polish Grain and Feed
Producers Association and others had written the Ministry
asking for support to raise the zero tolerance limit to a
workable level. Wojtyra said that there had been no
communication from the Commission or other member states
to Poland about the issue.
¶3. September 4, Ag Counselor met with member companies' representatives
of the Polish Grain and Feed Producers Association. Contacts
reported that in their view the Ministry will either abstain
or support the issue if raised. Called for comment, MinAg
declined to confirm how it might vote.
ASHE
Mam nadzieję, że znajdą się chętni do przetłumaczenia i udostępnienia reszty, zamieszczonej powyżej. Ja nie znalazłem więcej korespondencji odnoszącej się do zagadnienia, ale może ktoś jeszcze coś znajdzie - będę wdzięczny za linki.
